Toda and Liouville systems are central themes in mathematical physics, providing powerful frameworks for understanding integrable structures, nonlinear dynamics and geometric phenomena. Rooted in the ...

A mathematical model is an abstract model that uses mathematical language to describe the behaviour of a system. Mathematical models are used particularly in the natural sciences and engineering ...

Long-term weather forecasting is a difficult task, partly because weather systems are inherently chaotic. Though mathematical equations can approximate the underlying physics of weather, tiny ...