Toda and Liouville systems are central themes in mathematical physics, providing powerful frameworks for understanding integrable structures, nonlinear dynamics and geometric phenomena. Rooted in the ...

The Navier–Stokes partial differential equation was developed in the early 19th century by Claude-Louis Navier and George ...

A mathematical model is an abstract model that uses mathematical language to describe the behaviour of a system. Mathematical models are used particularly in the natural sciences and engineering ...

A mathematical model that predicts the electromagnetic radiation produced by circuit boards could help to improve designs and lower costs. A mathematical model that predicts the electromagnetic ...