For almost as long as programmable computers have existed, there has been a strong motivation for users to run calculations on hardware that they do not personally control. Initially, this was due to ...

The wisdom of the crowd has become so powerful and so accessible via the Internet that it has become a resource in its own right. Various services now tap into this rich supply of human cognition, ...

Two systems exist in thermal equilibrium if no heat passes between them. Computers, which consume energy and give off heat as they process information, operate far from thermal equilibrium. Were they ...

"We have demonstrated that it is impossible to describe all aspects of physical reality using a computational theory of quantum gravity," says Dr. Faizal. "Therefore, no physically complete and ...

Physicists and computer scientists have recently expanded the modern theory of the thermodynamics of computation. By combining approaches from statistical physics and computer science, the researchers ...

Topological quantum computation 1,2 is an approach to fault-tolerant quantum computation in which the unitary quantum gates result from the braiding of certain topological quantum objects called ...

This course gives an introduction to the mathematical foundations of computation. The course will look at Turing machines, universal computation, the Church-Turing thesis, the halting problem and ...

There's been a rapid resurgence of interest in understanding the energy cost of computing. Recent advances in this 'thermodynamics of computation' are now summarized. For decades, physicists have ...

Source: Image by Mohamed Hassan from Pixabay. A recent study from the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai evaluated a health-focused version of ChatGPT using 60 clinician-authored patient ...

Artificial Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) and, more recently, large-scale foundation models have made breakthrough progress drawing loose structural and ...