If you got your start in electronics sometime after 1980 your first project might well have been to light up an LED. Microcontroller projects often light up an LED, too, and a blinking LED is ...

How to use statistical tools for component tolerance analysis. A look at methods such as Monte Carlo and Gaussian distribution. Simulating a dc-dc converter in LTspice to model closed-loop voltage ...

In many lighting applications, measuring the relative intensity of two light sources is more important than measuring their individual intensity. This ensures that two light sources shine with the ...

FET constant current sources use JFETs and MOSFETs to deliver a load current, which remains constant despite changes in load resistance or supply voltage. A FET constant current source is a type of ...

Author Mazi Hosseini describes a simple, low-cost, voltage-controlled current source using two op amps that provides a good range of current and maximum load. One challenge in circuit design is ...